The Qiang Between Han and Tibetan

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In my research on social groups from the first unit until now, the book "The Qiang Between Han and Tibetan" has significant relevance to my theme. Through studying the Qiang people in this book, I have understood the crucial importance of self-awareness for an independent group. Additionally, by examining the relationships between groups as described in the book, I can draw parallels to the groups I have observed, including their interactions with the outside world and their internal connections.

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This book tells the story of a small ethnic group, the Qiang, who are situated between two major ethnic groups. The Qiang people have a strong sense of group identity. Through extensive field research and long-term data collection in Qiang villages, the author documents the steadfastness and changes in the Qiang's self-identity under the influence of two distinct cultures.

History and Modernity, Tradition and Change

The Qiang have undergone multiple migrations in response to changes in their natural and social environments, eventually settling in today's clustered village structures.

Regarding the Han Chinese, the Qiang maintain economic and social exchanges, benefiting from resources such as healthcare and education. However, they also fear that modernization and Han cultural influences might lead to the gradual loss of their language, customs, and beliefs.

Regarding the Tibetans, the Qiang respect Tibetan Buddhism and participate in Tibetan traditional activities, believing they share common ancestors and cultural heritage with the Tibetans. However, competition for resources like grasslands and water has led to conflicts. Furthermore, the Qiang's polytheistic beliefs differ significantly from Tibetan Buddhism, leading some Qiang to reject certain Buddhist dogmas as incompatible with their traditions.

Conclusion

The Qiang's views on their neighboring major ethnic groups are complex and multifaceted, involving both cooperation and conflict. These interactions have made the Qiang acutely aware of the importance of their cultural independence. In response, they exhibit strong self-protection and selective acceptance of external influences and cultures. The external pressures they face have fostered internal cohesion and solidarity. By protecting their culture, enhancing internal cooperation, and selectively adopting external cultural elements and support, the Qiang have successfully maintained their social cohesion and cultural distinctiveness to this day. These choices are not only responses to external pressures but also strategies for preserving their identity and seeking self-recognition in a multicultural context.